Free Essays on Columbian Exchange - Sugarcane

The Acropolis Essays - Acropolis Of Athens, Parthenon, Erechtheion

The Acropolis Elmer Boyce Design 110 Teacher Boestler 02 November 2000 The Athenian Acropolis The Acropolis of Athens has remained as a landmark of triumph to the individuals of Athens for a considerable length of time past. The sanctuaries inside its dividers were utilized to adore Greek divine beings like Athena and Poseidon. Ascending more than 300 feet over the city of Athens, it can unmistakably be seen why it is known as the Acropolis, which approximately interpreted methods top of city. It isn't the main acropolis in Greece, however it is venerated more than the others as a result of its practically faultless arranging in where each building is put. It took 200 years of testing to take care of business. Each building is set explicitly to be satisfying to the watcher's eye. From the watcher's perspective each building is found in context, and at no time from the passageway is one structure seen from just a single veneer. This is the thing that made the Acropolis at Athens so stunning. What makes the Acropolis much all the more stunning is the structures inside its divid ers. There is the Parthenon, the Propylaia, the Erechtheion, the sanctuary of Athena Nike, and that's only the tip of the iceberg. In the wake of rising almost 300 feet up the slope you come to what is known as the Propylaia. The Propylaia is the passage to the Acropolis and was utilized to plan admirers before entering the entryways to the sanctuaries inside. Development started on the Propylaia in 437 B.C. what's more, was finished in 432 B.C. The designer of the Propylaia was Mnesikles, and the task was definitely not simple with the restriction of room and the sporadic territory. In spite of these impediments he was effective in making an agreeable passage. Lopsidedly orchestrated structures made the propylaia. The most significant of these structures was the Pinakotheke on the north side with contained the workmanship display. The Propylaia has an external and internal exterior, both upheld by six Doric segments with five entryways between them, the biggest entryway was situated in the center. Further inside the Propylaia, there are Ionic sections, which helped bolster the rooftop. These segments were utili zed as opposed to the Doric sections like the external segments as a result of room limitations. Additionally built of burden bearing dividers the Propylaia was altogether developed out of white marble. These heap bearing dividers were the dividers of the Pinakotheke and were secured with painted boards or divider canvases. This propylaia wasn't the first on that site. The first passageway entryway was littler and was devastated in the Persian fire in 480 B.C. In the wake of being set up in the propylaia, you would enter a focal patio ignoring the enormous bronze sculpture of,the Champion, Athena Promachos. This sculpture was enormous to the point that the sun could be seen flashing off the tip of its lance from out adrift. To one side you would see the Erechtheion in its white marble wonder, whose site lay north of the Parthenon. This structure as well, similar to the Propylaia managed unpredictable territory, however took it in an alternate point of view. Rather than leveling the land, which was too hallowed to even consider touching, they constructed the Erechtheion in levels to oblige the lofty change in height. Assembled at some point between 421 B.C. furthermore, 405 B.C., the Erechtheion housed altars to a few divine beings, neighborhood gods, and legends. It was additionally the site of a few holy spots, including the characteristic of Poseidon's trident stick, the graves of the incredible Erechtheus and Kekrops, yet above all it housed the sanctuary of Athena Polias, protectress of the city and goddess of the hearth. Each degree of the Erechtheion had a particular reason. Toward the east, from higher landscape is a six-section Ionic yard that housed the old wooden picture of Athena. At the nort h is another Ionic patio that prompts the office of Erechtheus. The holy olive tree of Athena is situated in an open patio in the west of the Erechtheion. Lastly toward the south is the resting spot of the unbelievable King Kekrops. The Porch of the Caryatids covers this gravesite. This yard is the thing that makes the structure stand apart other than its unordinary land design. The patio is upheld by six lady figures utilized as sections with the crowns on their heads being the capitals. Additionally inside the frieze of the Erechtheion is to

Marketing strategies of Apple Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Advertising systems of Apple Inc - Essay Example At the point when Apple was built up in 1977, a three point showcasing reasoning was amassed by establishing individuals, which likewise turned into the hidden market procedure for the organization (Forbes, 2012). The organization despite everything runs on these three promoting and vital standards, where all arranging and execution forms depend on above methodologies. These are;1. Compassion: Understanding accurate needs of the purchasers and recognizing them in a quicker and better way contrasted with some other organization.2. Center: Eliminating all issues and issues before using inside and outer opportunities.3. Attribute: A book is constantly decided by its external appearance or spread. So also, making an extraordinary assistance or item won't demonstrate gainful if the contributions are imparted insufficiently. This is the place the showcasing methodologies come vigorously. The contributions are introduced in an expert and innovative way ascribing the ideal traits. Apple has been coordinating its showcasing techniques with the above advertising standards and has effectively accomplished practical upper hand. As indicated by Chimhanzi and Morgan (2005), organizations concentrating on human asset and advertising arrangement can achieve achievement quicker and in an increasingly advantageous way contrasted with those, whose center is coordinated distinctly at benefit making systems. Subsequently, discoveries give a significant information that advertising administrators ought to improve their relationship with the human asset offices through methodologies, for example, composed correspondence and joint prizes.

Porters 5 Forces Free Essays

string(32) spot, for example, the high street. Sonia’s smoothies 1) Nick determined that of 200 clients who finished the poll at the stone celebration, the mean age was 23. The age dispersion adjusted to a bend of ordinary conveyance with a standard deviation of 5. Ascertain the quantity of clients matured 33 and over who highlighted in Sonia’s study (33-23)? 5 = 2 2% of 200= 4 Answer= 4 2) regarding the report on the UK smoothie showcase (addendum 2) break down two constraints of utilizing optional sources as the premise of Sonia’s dynamic. We will compose a custom exposition test on Watchmen 5 Forces or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now Auxiliary research is one that is conveyed by an outsider and not yourself. The data is gathered as it might serve propose in the data you need despite the fact that it might have been gathered for an alternate research. There are anyway a few restrictions of Sonia utilizing this optional research while settling on a choice on what smoothie flavors to bring out. In this exposition I will talk about these and offer my input on whether Sonia ought to or shouldn’t exclusively base the choice on this data. The primary constraint of utilizing optional research is that it might be quite a long while old and may not mirror the ebb and flow economic situations. If so for Sonia then it would imply that she might be discharging a flavor into a market that does not exist anymore. This would imply that her deals won't be as high as she would of trusted, it would likewise imply that her costs will ascend as she would deliver smoothies uninformed that these won't sell. The effect of both of these things happening will result in Sonia losing benefit. This one model shows that for Sonia to exclusively put together her choice with respect to auxiliary research it would not be beneficial for her business as she could miss out on a great deal of potential clients. The second confinement of utilizing auxiliary research is that it may not be precise and dependable as it might be one-sided. In the event that this happens, at that point it would imply that Sonia would settle on a choice on data that isn't 100% precise and valid. This would be misdirecting for her as she would settle on a choice dependent on something which won't advantage her by any stretch of the imagination. This would bring about her again losing benefits as her costing will ascend through creating the merchandise and deals being low. This again gives us that if Sonia makes a choice exclusively dependent on the auxiliary research it might bring about disappointment of the item she discharges. Taking everything into account I believe that Sonia should utilize optional research as it gives her a fundamental thought regarding what's going on or has occurred in the market which will give her a slight thought yet it ought to be utilized related to some essential research, for example, polls so Sonia 100% precise information and information. On the off chance that this is done, at that point it would guarantee that the choice being caused will to be the right one bringing about the accomplishment of the item she discharges. 3) Discuss why scratch may have suggested that Sonia ought not put together any choices with respect to the stone celebration inquire about. The stone celebration look into is a kind of essential research. Essential research is one that is gathered without anyone else. In this exposition I will talk about the reasons why Nick may have suggested Sonia don't settle on choices exclusively dependent on the stone celebration explore, I will at that point reach a resolution with respect to what Sonia ought to do to guarantee the choice being made is the correct one. Right off the bat via doing the stone celebration inquire about it implies just focusing on one gathering of individuals, accordingly different gatherings, for example, families and youngsters would be passed up a great opportunity. The result of Sonia settling on her choices on simply the stone celebration research could be deluding as she has not thought about gatherings that might be her significant clients. For instance families might be her significant objective crowd and if Sonia settles on a choice dependent on a gathering other than the families she could discharge a non attractive flavor. On the off chance that this happens, at that point it would imply that she could be discharging a flavor that isn't sought after which would bring about less deals and this less potential benefits. It would likewise imply that her costs will ascend through creation and this would be squandered cash as she will most likely be unable to sell these items. Also the reaction that Sonia may get from the individuals going to the stone celebration may not be 100% exact as they may not offer the right responses as they will need to appreciate the occasion itself. For instance Sonia may move toward a participant at the stone celebration and ask them inquiries however they may not offer idea out responses as they are concentrating on the music itself. On the off chance that this does happen and Sonia makes a choice on this data it could imply that she is making an item which depends on off base information which could influence her business which will make the discharged item less beneficial. I believe that Sonia ought not put together her choices exclusively based with respect to the stone celebration. I anyway think utilizing a strategy for essential research is a decent beginning to settling on a choice yet she could have thoroughly considered where the surveys would be led somewhat better. For instance she could have done it in a high road where there is an assortment of individuals which would give her better criticism. For Sonia to put together her choice exclusively with respect to this it might bring about her getting erroneous outcomes which would imply that the item discharged may not be as fruitful as it could be. I believe that if Sonia needs to cause the item as viable as it to can be she should take do the essential research (poll) in a progressively reasonable spot, for example, the high road. You read Doormen 5 Forces in class Papers I likewise imagine that it ought to be utilized related to another sort of research, for example, the optional research that she had gathered previously. By utilizing the two sorts of data it will give her a greater amount of an understanding with regards to what a client needs and it would settle on her dynamic procedure much progressively simple and precise. 4) If Sonia chooses to utilize a statistical surveying office to explore the new smoothie flavors, examine two different ways they may utilize an amount test. Share inspecting is an example made by get-together a predefined number of members from every one of a few foreordained classifications, for instance picking 25 individuals both from the classes male and female. There are numerous favorable circumstances of utilizing portion examining one of which is that it unmistakably shows the interest from every one of the classes. Sonia might need to choose to utilize a statistical surveying office to examine new smoothie flavors. I will dissect two reasons why they may utilize quantity testing while doing the examination for Sonia. The main motivation behind why the statistical surveying organization may utilize share testing is with the goal that they can decide obviously what each gathering of individuals might want. For instance once the examination has been finished utilizing the gatherings male and female they can figure out what each gathering needs and can take a gander at the tears. By having this kind of examining it would give Sonia a thought of the needs of each gathering and she would then be able to settle on her choice dependent on this. I imagine that this kind of examining would be awesome for Sonia as the market she is entering is one which is distinctive as indicated by people’s individual inclinations and by understanding what every classification needs she can settle on a choice with the goal that she can cook for every one of them. The second motivation behind why amount examining might be done is on the grounds that it is a less expensive technique instead of tester inspecting. Tester examining is when tests are offered out to irregular clients to hear their point of view on things, this implies the costs included are exceptionally high as items are really parted with. By doing portion examining it implies that the expense of really giving out items is kept away from, this would imply that the cost that Sonia needs to pay the organization will be less importance her costs will remain down. 5) Discuss techniques for essential research the statistical surveying office may use to examine new smoothie flavors for Sonia’s smoothies. Essential research is one that is done and gathered without anyone else, essential research can be part into three classifications; test showcasing, reviews and perceptions, these can be then part much further into the real exercises. There are numerous sorts of essential research that can be embraced and in this exposition I will talk about some that the examination office may take up so as to explore new smoothie flavors for Sonia’s smoothies. The main kind of essential research that should be possible is polls; these are sorts of studies. This technique is an excellent method of finding back solutions from the clients as it tends to be both subjective data and quantative data. Surveys can be either done face to face yet should likewise be possible through post. Surveys are the most widely recognized sort and I feel that for Sonia smoothies it would be an awesome strategy as she can get a ton of criticism from potential clients. this data would give her a generally excellent thought of what the clients will need and it would assist her with settling on the right choice. The right choice will assistant assist her with making benefit as she probably is aware she has the correct item for the correct market. Anyway while doing polls they should ensure that they don't pester the potential clients through a great deal of calls and so on as this could bring about the business losing its notoriety and potential deals. The second sort of essential research that the statistical surveying office may embrace is customer boards. A buyer board is a gathering meeting that is held whereby questions are asked and noted to give the outcomes. The benefit of customer boards is that the data is probably going to be exact as the individuals going to it will have a great deal of time to address the inquiries implying that they can altogether answer them. The drawback is that this sort of research is that it might be all the more expensive as the premises et

Writing Research Papers

Writing Research PapersMany students are writing research papers. If you are writing a research paper, there are many writers for research papers that can help you get the right type of research paper.Writing research papers is one of the hardest things you can do in college. It takes time and effort to write a paper of this nature. You have to think about things you should include, how much time it will take you to complete your paper, and what kind of grade you want to get. However, the rewards far outweigh the hard work when you find writers for research papers.There are many students who struggle with writing research papers because they just don't have any good writers for research papers. Some students have writers for research papers who are trying to charge them for their time, which they get from them for nothing. Others are not aware of how to get writers for research papers or the writers that are available to them.The first step is to find writers for research papers. You need to find writers who are also writing other types of papers. You should always look for someone who is writing on a topic that interests you. This is because you are going to need a lot of topics for your paper.You can find writers for research papers that specialize in a certain area. For example, if you want to write a paper on dog training, you should consider finding writers for research papers who specialize in dog training. They may be able to help you with the topics that you need.Another option is to use a writing service. This means that you will be paying someone to write the paper for you. You will be paying for their time and you won't be paying for any of their ideas or information. However, if you think your time is worth more than their money, this is the way to go.A writing service is usually much cheaper than a private writer. They will have experts who know what you are looking for and have experts in the area that you are interested in writing on. You will ge t quality papers written for less than a private writer would be able to charge. Plus, you get your money back if the writing service is not successful.Writers for research papers are there for you. Whether you are writing a research paper for your research course or you need help with a paper for a test or other reason, you will find writers for research papers that are a perfect fit for you. Write your research paper now!

Concerns About The Safety Of Vaccines - Free Essay Example

Until just a couple of centuries ago, infectious scourges roused fear into the minds of all people. Just over a hundred years ago, the infant mortality rate was at a mind-boggling 20 percent. In a time before effective vaccines, diseases like smallpox, diphtheria, measles, whooping cough, and more were some of the most common childhood killers. Fortunately, in developed and industrialized nations today, vaccines are widely available and affordable. As a result, these diseases have been contained and even in some cases, eradicated, saving millions of lives and bringing peace to many minds. Surely, one could claim that vaccinations are one of the greatest achievements mankind has made. Unfortunately, many today refuse to vaccinate their children due to a variety of reasons. After understanding how vaccines work and the myths and facts that are associated with vaccines, one can see that not being vaccinated creates a public health threat and can have severe consequences for many. Due to this fact, children attending public school should be required by law to be up to date on all of their vaccines unless they are unable to for medical reasons. https://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/full/10.1377/hlthaff.24.3.611   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1796, the worlds first small pox vaccination was performed. After noticing that milkmaids who had been infected from cowpox were immune to outbreaks of small pox, Edward Jenner conducted a clinical trial. He discovered that when he took pus from a cowpox lesion and introduced it to an eight-year-old boy, he did not catch small pox when it was directly introduced to him six weeks later. This trial became the scientific basis for vaccinology and a century later the rabies vaccine was introduced and a century after that the polio vaccination trials began. These experiments were extremely effective and saving hundreds of lives, but how did they work? https://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/full/10.1377/hlthaff.24.3.611   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The human immune system is a complex network whose sole purpose is to fight off infectious microbes. Multiple specialized cells find, target, and destroy these microbes. Every cell has a unique marker, or antigen, on it and white blood cells called macrophages use these antigens to distinguish which cells are part of your body and which ones are harmful invaders that need to be destroyed. Macrophages digest most of these invasive cells, but carry the antigens back to the lymph nodes and display them on their surface so that other specialized cells called lymphocytes, can recognize them. There are two major kinds of lymphocytes, T cells and B cells. Offensive T cells kill human cells that have been infected by the microbe and defensive T cells secrete chemicals that help direct the other immune system cells. B cells make important antibodies. Antibodies work by attaching to the microbes antigen and then coating the microbe making it unable to function. Ant ibodies and antigens fit together like a puzzle. Each antibody can only fit with one antigen so the immune system keeps millions of antibodies on hand so that it is prepared against foreign invaders. About 50 million B cells are circulating in one teaspoon of human blood. Once attached to antigens, antibodies signal macrophages to come and destroy the microbe. Once T cells and antibodies eliminate the microbe faster than it can reproduce, the immune system is winning. The virus begins to disappear from the body. Once the disease is gone, B cells and T cells are converted into memory cell. Memory B cells can quickly make more antibody if needed. Memory T cells can divide and grow into a fighting army. If the body is re-exposed to the same infectious microbe, the immune system can quickly respond and stop the infection because it is able to quickly recognize the virus.   https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/how-vaccines-work   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vaccines are effective because they mimic natural infection. They contain a weakened form of the virus that does not reproduce very well. The human body is not able to determine that the vaccine viruses are in a weakened state and so they treat these viruses as if they are dangerous. The immune system responds and the vaccine virus is quickly eliminated. The mock infection disappears and humans are left with a supply of memory T and B cells that are ready at a moments notice should the true aggressive form of the virus enter the body at a future date. Although this process makes scientific sense, there are many parents who elect to not vaccinate their children for a variety of reasons. It is important to explore these reasons and decide whether or not parents of children have misconceptions about vaccinations, their side effects, their benefits, and so on. lhttps://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/how-vaccines-work   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most common reasons why parents choose to not vaccinate their children is for religious reasons. Unfortunately, the number of children not vaccinated for this reason is increasing and in communities where there is a higher percentage of those who are not vaccinated for religious reasons, there are more vaccine preventable outbreaks. When a parent refuses on religious ground, most claim that it is not because they are ignorant but rather that they have a very strong internal conviction that it is fundamentally wrong to vaccinate their children. Due to the fact that they have such a strong conviction, it is often difficult for medical practitioners to persuade these parents to vaccinate their children and help them change the views they have against vaccination. One of the scariest parts of religious exemption is the fact that these families often refuse all of their vaccines rather than just certain immunizations. Many worldwide religions have s tated positions regarding vaccines and whether or not they should be used. Looking at some of the mainstream religions worldwide presents some very interesting information. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869767/   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All mainstream religions besides the Dutch Reformed Church do not have any formal anti-vaccine doctrine as part of their religion. Catholics have expressed concern about the use of aborted fetal tissue that is used to manufacture some vaccines, however, this has not led to any formal restrictions for any vaccines. Muslims and Jews are prohibited from eating pork which is the basis for the gelatin in some vaccines. However, in Islamic tradition, those who receive these vaccinations based on the law of necessity, are not found guilty if there was no other alternative. Since vaccinations are injected and used for medical purpose rather than being eaten for the purpose of diet, vaccines are permitted. Similarly, Jews emphasize the community over the individual when it comes to disease prevention and so they support vaccinations in order to have disease prevention in their communities. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23499565   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This information is interesting because it seems to contradict the statistic that the majority of vaccine refusals are based on religious ground. The animal-derived gelatin as well as aborted human fetus tissue can pose a concern for the most orthodox and extreme members of the religions mentioned above. However, only a small percent of members belong to these sects or have extreme bishops, priests or rabbis that would vocalize against vaccines. Additionally, probably only a small percent of these children are even attending a public school. It seems as though religious exemption may just be an excuse used by many who refuse vaccines because they are uneducated or have heard negative things about vaccinations from someone else. 47 of the 50 United States allow vaccine exemption on the grounds of religious reasons. It would be very easy for many people to avoid vaccinations using the pretense that they are doing so under religion. https://vaccines.procon.o rg/view.resource.php?resourceID=003597   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another common reason why parents refuse or delay vaccines for their children is personal or philosophical reasons. Fewer states allow philosophical exemption and some of these states require that parents meet with a health care professional to discuss the benefits of immunizations if they use this exemption. Although contrary to intuition, some parents feel that there are benefits to contracting these preventable diseases because it will build a stronger immune system. Others believe that receiving natural immunity by acquiring the disease is better than becoming immune through a vaccine. Some believe that the diseases that children are vaccinated for today are no longer prevalent enough for their child to be at risk of catching. They believe that there are more benefits that come from not receiving vaccines than for receiving them. Some think that if they are helping their children live healthy diets and active lifestyles, that they will be better able to avoid contracting these diseases even without getting vaccinated for them. Others do not see the diseases that are vaccinated for as dangerous and life-threatening and that if their child did contract one of these diseases that it would be easily curable. Many personal reasons stem from parents who are uneducated or ignorant about vaccines, how they work, and the diseases they prevent. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869767/   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All of the personal beliefs stated above are derived from misconceptions that parents have about vaccines. It is important that medical providers clear these misconceptions that parents have. If parents were aware of how vaccines work, they would know that there is no difference between immunity built by vaccines and immunity built by actually acquiring a disease because the immune system responds the same way in both cases. Education about the various vaccine-preventable diseases would inform parents that these are highly contagious diseases that are very life threatening which is why vaccines have been created for them. Some are not easily curable because they are viral so no antibiotics can be taken for them. Having a true understanding of herd immunity is also important for these parents who think they are safe because everyone else is being immunized.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Herd immunity is one of the most important reasons that everyone should be vaccinated. The idea of herd immunity is that when enough people are vaccinated in a community, the disease cannot travel as easily from person to person because those who are vaccinated cannot contract the disease and additionally, they are less likely to spread it. This means that it is very unlikely that those who are not vaccinated will not contract the disease. While herd immunity protects everyone, it is extremely important that a very high percentage of the community is immunized in order for herd immunity to work. Depending on how contagious a disease is, more of the population must be immunized in order for herd immunity to work. This percent can range anywhere from 85 to 95%. Many depend on herd immunity such as those who have a compromised immune system, those who are medically unable to receive vaccines, elderly people, newborn babies and young children that have not re ceived all of their vaccines yet and those who receive faulty vaccines. These individuals are all at a higher risk for contracting these vaccine preventable diseases and make up enough percent of the unvaccinated that it is so important that everyone else is vaccinated. Due to the fact that a slight drop in the number of vaccinated individuals in a population can cause a large drop in the effectiveness of herd immunity, it is not a reliable way of protecting children because it is indirect.   This idea can be seen in the graphic below: https://www.ovg.ox.ac.uk/news/herd-immunity-how-does-it-work https://fred.publichealth.pitt.edu/proj/measles/results.php   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Maybe the most frequent reason for refusing vaccinations are concerns about the safety of vaccines. Most of these fears rise from the media or things they have heard from others. Every person, educated or not, has their own opinion about vaccines and this can directly influence other peoples opinions. Some parents are concerned about vaccines causing autism. Others worry that bombarding children with so many vaccines at a young age can overwhelm their immune systems and these parents will often delay their childs immunizations. Some worry about side effects of vaccines and fear they are greater than what they have been told by their physicians. Fear is a great influencer and this is why it is important that there is trust between practitioners and parents. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869767/

Corporate Finance - 174197 Words

End of Chapter Solutions Corporate Finance 8th edition Ross, Westerfield, and Jaffe Updated 11-21-2006 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO CORPORATE FINANCE Answers to Concept Questions 1. In the corporate form of ownership, the shareholders are the owners of the firm. The shareholders elect the directors of the corporation, who in turn appoint the firm’s management. This separation of ownership from control in the corporate form of organization is what causes agency problems to exist. Management may act in its own or someone else’s best interests, rather than those of the shareholders. If such events occur, they may contradict the goal of maximizing the share price of the equity of the firm. Such organizations frequently pursue social or†¦show more content†¦How much is too much? Who is worth more, Jack Welch or Tiger Woods? The simplest answer is that there is a market for executives just as there is for all types of labor. Executive compensation is the price that clears the market. The same is true for athletes and performers. Having said that, one aspect of executive compensation deserves comment. A primary rea son executive compensation has grown so dramatically is that companies have increasingly moved to stock-based compensation. Such movement is obviously consistent with the attempt to better align stockholder and management interests. In recent years, stock prices have soared, so management has cleaned up. It is sometimes argued that much of this reward is simply due to rising stock prices in general, not managerial performance. Perhaps in the future, executive compensation will be designed to reward only differential performance, i.e., stock price increases in excess of general market increases. 8. 9. 10. Maximizing the current share price is the same as maximizing the future share price at any future period. The value of a share of stock depends on all of the future cash flows of company. Another way to look at this is that, barring large cash payments to shareholders, the expected price of the stock must be higher in the future thanShow MoreRelatedCorporate Finance Notes1881 Words   |  8 PagesStudy notes By Zhipeng Yan Corporate Finance Stephen A. Ross, Randolph W. Westerfield, Jeffrey Jaffe Chapter 1 Introduction to Corporate Finance ..................................................................... 2 Chapter 2 Accounting Statements and Cash Flow.............................................................. 3 Chapter 3 Financial Markets and NPV: First Principles of Finance................................... 6 Chapter 4 Net Present Value....................................Read MoreNotes for Corporate Finance2082 Words   |  9 PagesCorporate Finance Notes * Chapter One: Introduce to Corporate Finance 1. Three Questions: A. What Long-term asset should be invested? Capital Budgeting B. How to raise cash for capital expenditures? Capital Structure C. 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For moreRead MoreCorporate Finance4881 Words   |  20 PagesTrends of Leverage 7 2.3 Comparison of capital structure with similar companies 9 2.4 Capital expenditures and its financing 10 2.5 Important factors influencing the use of debt financing 10 2.5.1 Tax Advantage 10 2.5.2 Corporate Tax Rate 11 2.5.3 Credit rating 11 2.5.4 Interest rate 11 2.5.5 Company’s Industry 12 2.5.6 Company’s growth rate 12 2.5.7 Some other arguments about Harvey Norman 12 2.6 Evidence of financial distress 13 Read MoreCorporate Finance1421 Words   |  6 Pagesoperating earnings of the firm. The capitalization is to be made at a rate appropriate to the risk class of the firm. Growth Plans, are involved in capital structural theories in which a certain amount will be allocated for the growth plans. A finance manager should draw a plan according for the dividend policy. For Example: The firm has $10 million as equity capital and $6 million as debt capital and the firm made a profit (after tax) of $2 million, and the fund allocated to the growth plan wasRead MoreCorporate Finance - Concept Questions12247 Words   |  49 Pagesquestions of corporate finance? a. Investment decision (capital budgeting): What long-term investment strategy should a firm adopt? b. Financing decision (capital structure): How much cash must be raised for the required investments? c. Short-term finance decision (working capital): How much short-term cash flow does company need to pay its bills. ( Describe capital structure. Capital structure is the mix of different securities used to finance a firms investmentsRead MoreFundamentals of Corporate Finance 9e82683 Words   |  331 Pageshttp://helpyoustudy.info Chapter 01 - Introduction to Corporate Finance Chapter 01 Introduction to Corporate Finance Answer Key Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which one of the following terms is defined as the management of a firm s long-term investments? A. working capital management B. financial allocation C. agency cost analysis D. capital budgeting E. capital structure Refer to section 1.1 AACSB: N/A Difficulty: Basic Learning Objective: 1-1 Section: 1.1 Topic: Capital budgeting Read MoreCorporate Business Finance 7343 Words   |  30 PagesCorporate Business Finance Seminar 5 Project Finance Lauren Leigh Essaram 207507339 Ruvimbo Mukorera 206525531 27 September 2010 Submitted in partial fulfilment of the duly performed requirement of International Business Finance, School of Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal Abstract Non-recourse financing has grown in popularity, especially in developing countries. It has done so more specifically in the basic infrastructure, natural resources and also in the energyRead MoreAdvanced Corporate Finance4303 Words   |  18 PagesUniversity of Puget Sound School of Business and Leadership BUS 434 Advanced Corporate Finance Professor Alva Wright Butcher Tues-Thurs 11:00-12:20 McIntyre 107 Spring Semester 2012 Office: McIntyre 111 I Phone: 253-879-3349 FAX: 253-879-3156 Office Hours: T-Th: 1:00-1:50 Wed: 9:30-10:30 And by appointment Note that I am always willing to schedule additional office hours by appointment. I check email frequently, so that is also a goodRead MoreEssay Corporate Finance1613 Words   |  7 Pages Why is corporate finance important to all managers? Corporate finance is a specific area of finance dealing with the financial decisions corporations make and the tools as well as analyses used to make these decisions. The primary goal of corporate finance is to enhance corporate value, without taking excessive financial risks. A corporations managements primary responsibility is to maximize the shareholders wealth which translates to stock price maximization. Corporate finance provides